Click the photo to donate now.
by Tom Zink, Horticulturalist
Now that the garden is prepped and crops for the year are selected, it’s time to start growing. Still, there are decisions to be made. We must consider the methodology of planting – direct seeding vs. transplanting. There are benefits and drawbacks to each, and knowing them will help to make the best decision for your garden.
Direct Seeding
Direct seeding offers the benefits of saving time and labor (no babysitting starts until ready to be planted), more robust plant root systems, and overall improved soil health due to less disturbance. The drawbacks of direct seeding are vulnerability to weather, pest pressure, possible uneven germination rates, higher rate of seed usage, and early weed competition.
The time of year and soil temperature will play key roles in the choice of direct seeding. Ideal soil temperatures for early season cold-hardy crops range from 55-65°F, when soil microbes become active. Colder soil prolongs germination time.
Certain crops, like carrots, beet, radish, okra, and turnips, prefer direct seeding because they have one main root, called a taproot. Transplanting these seedlings can damage the taproot and stunt the plant. Shallow-rooted crops (cucurbits, vining crops, leafy greens, and legumes) will also perform better directly seeded, but transplanting is an option if done very carefully.
Direct seeding can be done using a seeder or by hand. A seeder uses a plate system based on seed size with adjustable depth control and is affordable, lightweight, and easy to use. While there are several seeders available, we have the most experience with the EarthWay.
Keep in mind when utilizing a seeder, a well-prepared bed is crucial for efficiency. In addition, a thinning-out process after germination may be required to prevent overcrowding. Hand seeding can be done, but will require more time in the garden – always use recommended plant spacing on seed packages for best results.
Transplanting
Transplanting into the garden is a fantastic way to speed up harvest, ensure plant survival, and control weed pressure. Downsides are potentially time spent tending to starts, slowed growth from transplant shock or damaged roots, and introduction of pests and disease into the garden. These problems could make for more work later and potentially lead to crop loss.
Get Local News!
